As described in a feature article in Public Works (January, 2004), the Boulder Recycling Center, completed in 2001, is owned by the City and operated by Eco-Cycle, a nonprofit launched in 1976, now with a staff of 55. Recently, Eco-Cycle added the Center for Hard to Recycle Materials (ChaRM) which handles computers, TVs, cell phones, old running shoes and much more. Eco-Cycle has contracts with both the country and city, as well as neighboring cities of Longmont, Louisville and Broomfield to process recyclables. Trash collection is done by private haulers who charge a set fee for a 32 gallon trash container, but must take recyclables free. Working toward zero waste is a constant goal of Eco-Cycle – through its ChaRM program as well as its working with manufacturers and packages to design products with 100 percent recycling in mind. “To move manufacturers in this direction,” points out the Public Works article, “Eco-Cycle provides a consulting service – Eco-Cycle Institute – to show them what can be recycled and how to make products more recycle-friendly.”
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Waste management poses challenges, but could unlock major environmental and economic gains
Every day, the city of Rio de Janeiro, one of the largest metropolises in the Southern Hemisphere, generates 17,000 tonnes of waste, ranging from large industrial debris to candy wrappers bought innocently at newspaper stands. While this waste presents a serious and urgent environmental challenge, it also fuels an increasingly significant portion of the economy, with benefits extending beyond financial gains. - When we look at developed European countries, many are already recycling between 40% and 50%, with some reaching 60%. From an economic standpoint, both recyclable materials and organic waste hold tremendous value - stated Adalberto Maluf, National Secretary for Environment and Environmental Quality at the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), during the Methane Forum: Climate Emergency Brake, at the Rio Nature and Climate Week. Citing a 2025 report, Maluf mentioned that Brazil literally throws away R$27 billion annually, while municipalities spend significantly more - R$45 billion - managing all this waste, often overlooking the environmental impact or economic potential buried in landfills and dumps. - We spend R$45 billion to collect and dispose of waste in landfills, yet we manage to recycle less than a third of the potential. I believe it will be necessary to review contracts, create performance-based remuneration mechanisms, and pay for both effectively sorted materials and those diverted from landfills - he added. According to the IBGE, 60.5% of Brazilian municipalities adopt some form of selective waste collection, and several initiatives serve as examples of how to manage city waste. In his panel presentation, Bernardo Ornelas, Project Coordinator at the Rio de Janeiro Municipal Urban Cleaning Company (Comlurb), highlighted Ecoparque do Caju, a national benchmark in waste management and recycling. There, received materials are sorted and can be used for biogas production, organic compounds for urban gardens, or human consumption, in the case of still...
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