COMPARISON OF THE ENERGY RECOVERY AND USAGE OF COMPOST FROM GREEN WASTE: WHAT IS THE IMPACT ON PRIMARY RESOURCES?

The German Biomass Regulation (§2 and §3) allows the use of bio and green
waste for energy recovery, including electricity generation. This implies governmental support
for energy recovery of this waste. The sponsored amount – calculated through the calorific value
– ranges between 85 and 160 €/t. The aim of the governmental promotion is to substitute primary
resources by using renewable primary products – particularly to generate a positive effect on the
greenhouse gas situation with regard to power generation. A positive influence on greenhouse
gases emissions can also be achieved through the material recovery and use of green waste –
especially as compost and a turf-substitute – although this procedure is currently not supported in
Germany. A direct comparison of the two alternatives is not available in the current scientific
literature. The research project includes the creation of a database containing all relevant data
about green waste and its products, amongst others soil conditioner, substitute for fertilizer, turf,
fuel from biomass etc. especially under the aspect of carbon dioxide. In addition a comparative
balancing of different technical plants is elaborated. The research project, already examined by
the Universität Stuttgart, in cooperation with Humus and soil cantor (HEKO), Neu-Eichenberg is
financed by the EdDE (Entsorgungsverband der Deutschen Entsorgungswirtschaft).

Check Also

Waste management poses challenges, but could unlock major environmental and economic gains

Every day, the city of Rio de Janeiro, one of the largest metropolises in the Southern Hemisphere, generates 17,000 tonnes of waste, ranging from large industrial debris to candy wrappers bought innocently at newspaper stands. While this waste presents a serious and urgent environmental challenge, it also fuels an increasingly significant portion of the economy, with benefits extending beyond financial gains. - When we look at developed European countries, many are already recycling between 40% and 50%, with some reaching 60%. From an economic standpoint, both recyclable materials and organic waste hold tremendous value - stated Adalberto Maluf, National Secretary for Environment and Environmental Quality at the Ministry of the Environment (MMA), during the Methane Forum: Climate Emergency Brake, at the Rio Nature and Climate Week. Citing a 2025 report, Maluf mentioned that Brazil literally throws away R$27 billion annually, while municipalities spend significantly more - R$45 billion - managing all this waste, often overlooking the environmental impact or economic potential buried in landfills and dumps. - We spend R$45 billion to collect and dispose of waste in landfills, yet we manage to recycle less than a third of the potential. I believe it will be necessary to review contracts, create performance-based remuneration mechanisms, and pay for both effectively sorted materials and those diverted from landfills - he added. According to the IBGE, 60.5% of Brazilian municipalities adopt some form of selective waste collection, and several initiatives serve as examples of how to manage city waste. In his panel presentation, Bernardo Ornelas, Project Coordinator at the Rio de Janeiro Municipal Urban Cleaning Company (Comlurb), highlighted Ecoparque do Caju, a national benchmark in waste management and recycling. There, received materials are sorted and can be used for biogas production, organic compounds for urban gardens, or human consumption, in the case of still...